Background: Fear of cancer recurrence or progression (FCR) is a key concern for cancer carers. Nearly half of all carers (48%) report FCR levels considered clinically significant among cancer survivors, but few carer FCR interventions have been evaluated. A carer-specific intervention, underpinned by a clinically relevant carer FCR model is needed. Conquer Fear, based on the Cognitive Processing Model, is a 5-session psychologist delivered intervention with demonstrated efficacy in reducing survivor FCR.
Aims: To adapt the Conquer Fear intervention for cancer carers.
Methods: Caregiver-specific FCR experiences were first mapped to the Cognitive Processing Model. Co-design methodology was then used to review and adapt the Conquer Fear intervention to reflect the constructs underpinning carer FCR and an online format. An expert panel (psycho-oncology clinicians and researchers; n= 11) provided feedback on the clinical content and cancer carers (n= 14) reviewed the format and online approach.
Results: Various model constructs were common with FCR for cancer survivors, therefore the following components were retained: attention training, metacognitive therapy, detached mindfulness and values clarification. However, carers also expressed unique concerns including fear of losing a loved one and communication difficulties around FCR. In response, context for carer FCR was added, addressing the fears of losing a loved one and personal responsibility. We also included a session on communication. Although hypervigilance was identified amongst carers with high FCR, the behavioural contract relating to surveillance was removed. Adaptations resulted in a 4-session online program. Carers (M= 57, SD= 56.6) reported preferences for intervention character scenarios and four themes were identified: 1) FCR experience, 2) Behaviours to manage FCR, 3) Impact on communication, 4) Mental health help seeking.
Conclusions: We have developed a theoretically derived, carer-specific FCR intervention, ready for evaluation. Involving carers in co-designing the intervention may increase acceptability and will be assessed in our pilot study.