Background
Getting help with fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is the most reported unmet need by people living with and beyond cancer. We established an evidence and consensus-based clinical pathway to enable health professionals to address FCR in routine care.
Aim
This study evaluated the feasibility and barriers/enablers of FCR clinical pathway implementation.
Methods
Australian health professionals and researchers working with adult cancer survivors participated in a three-round Delphi study. Thirty-eight items regarding FCR screening, assessment, and triage to stepped care (i.e., staged care tailored to FCR severity), were derived from a literature review, related pathways/guidelines, and expert input. Participants rated how feasible (i.e., able to be implemented) items were on a 5-point scale (strongly disagree–strongly agree), with optional qualitative feedback. Quantitative data was descriptively analysed. Qualitative feedback was content analysed guided by updated Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research domains (i.e., Innovation, Outer Setting, Inner Setting, Individuals).
Results
On average, 64.1% of participants strongly/agreed pathway items were feasible. The most feasible items were: validation and normalization of FCR by all health professionals (90% agreement), patient education to encourage FCR treatment uptake (85% agreement), FCR screening using a brief validated tool (84%). The least feasible elements were: training all health professionals in FCR screening (49%), moderate FCR intervention delivery by non-mental health specialists (51%), booster treatment sessions for moderate FCR (53%). Implementation barriers primarily related to Inner Setting characteristics (e.g., available resources, access to knowledge/training). Implementation enablers primarily related to characteristics of the Innovation (e.g., clinical pathway design/adaptability) and Individuals (e.g., innovation deliverer capability).
Conclusion
Some clinical pathway elements, such as delivery of moderate FCR interventions, are more challenging to implement than others. Given identified Inner Setting resource constraints, integrating the pathway into existing workflows, and training to enhance health professional capability to address FCR may aid implementation.